Abstract: After constructing a new urbanization quality evaluation index system of urban agglomeration from three aspects: quality, efficiency and urban-rural coordination, this paper calculates and compares the new urbanization quality of urban agglomeration of Chengdu-Chongqing, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta from 1999 to 2018 based on the entropy method. The results show that the comprehensive score of new urbanization quality especially urban development quality of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is the lowest. Similar to other urban agglomerations, the scores of social development quality and economic development quality of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration are higher, while the scores of ecological-environment development quality, urbanization efficiency especially ecological-environment development efficiency, and urban-rural coordination, especially urban-rural economical coordination are lower, and obvious differences show in scores due to city sizes and administrative levels. Therefore, the formulation of urbanization policy of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration should objectively understand its shortcomings, attach importance to the overall concept, and adapt measures to local conditions, and draw lessons from experiences of other urban agglomerations in the process of urbanization.