Abstract: Having completed the task of poverty alleviation in 2020, elimination of relative poverty becomes the focus of anti-poverty in coming years. Combined with connotation of relative poverty and perspective transformation, this paper considers inter-generational factors of education and economic support when determining the dimensions of elderly poverty, and measures multidimensional poverty of the elderly in China with A-F method on the basis of CLHLS data from 2011 to 2018. The results show that: from a single indicator, the incidence of poverty in most indicators shows a downward trend, but the incidence of poverty in mental health of the elderly is slightly increasing. From multi-dimensional indicators, the inter-generational support has an alleviating effect on the elderly groups with relatively high multi-dimensional poverty, and a promoting effect on the poverty occurrence of vulnerable elderly poverty groups. From regional index decomposition, under the general multidimensional poverty level, education and social security levels are still the main causes of the elderly multidimensional poverty, and the elderly with higher multidimensional poverty level have more prominent income poverty, and there is a gap in education level, income level and mental health status in western regions compared with that in middle and eastern regions. On this basis, this paper suggests keeping on to improve elementary education in western China, paying attention to mental health of the elderly in relative poverty, establishing a reasonable income supplement mechanism for the elderly in relative poverty and accelerating the improvement of social security system for the elderly in relative poverty.