Abstract: The effective connection of the consolidation of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization is the only way to promote the development of agriculture and rural areas in the poverty alleviation areas of the southern border, among which the government has played a great role. This paper applies Smith’s policy implementation model to analyze the role of government in the linking poverty alleviation with rural revitalization. Although the government has played a role in formulating policy and planning, providing resources and organizing the main forces in the process of linking poverty alleviation and consolidation with rural revitalization, the government, especially the grass-roots government, still faces some difficulties in policy implementation. The paper suggests that the government in the poverty alleviation area of the southern border should implement policies in accordance with local conditions, strengthen the performance of grass-roots governments and practitioners through innovative thinking, accelerate market reforms and increase farmers’ participation in convergence, clarify its own position and reconstruct the value in order to overcome the difficulties and enhance the role of the government in the connection.