Abstract: Accelerating digital development and building a digital China are important strategies of the 14^th Five-Year Plan as well as concrete measures to promote high-quality development in China. The logical framework of digital China construction and high-quality economic development is systematically sorted out and integrated from three levels: economic effect, internal mechanism and driving factors. The research shows that digital China construction has promoted the value of China’s macro economy and micro economy at various levels; the internal mechanism is that digital development can create a new balance between supply and demand, improve the efficiency of factor resource allocation, reduce market transaction costs and improve enterprise operational efficiency; the core driving factors of digital China construction mainly include institutional policy driving, market demand driving, industrial competition driving and enterprise value driving. The research in this paper helps to deepen the systematic understanding of the causes and effects of digital development among policy makers and market participants.