Abstract: As the foundation of enterprise operations, supply chain networks play a crucial role in resource allocation efficiency and market responsiveness, serving as a key driver of sustainable competitive advantage. This study employs bibliometric analysis and CiteSpace 6.3.R1 to examine research hotspots and trends in supply chain networks, based on literature published between 2002 and 2022 in the CNKI and Web of Science (WOS) databases. The main findings indicate that: (1) Research on supply chain networks has entered a phase of rapid development, with major contributing institutions located in regions such as Iran and the United States. (2) Research hotspots can be classified into four thematic areas: values of supply chain networks, network typologies, risk and vulnerability, and interactions with corporate behavior. These encompass topics such as supply chains, network equilibrium, complex networks, structural design, uncertainty, disruption risk, closed-loop supply chains, and bioethanol. (3) The evolution of supply chain network research can be divided into four stages, i.e., theoretical foundations, risk and uncertainty management, technology-driven applications, and sustainability. Recent research trends include green supply chain networks and optimization models. The paper points out that future research should focus on green supply chains, continuous network optimization, and the digital transformation of supply chain networks.