Abstract: As a new form of environmental pollution, artificial vibration is listed as one of the world's seven major environmental hazards. Various forms of artificial vibration involve the generation and propagation of elastic waves. Setting up isolation trench between existing vibration sources and protected areas to cut off the propagation path of elastic waves, attenuating vibration energy and reducing vibration amplitude is a common vibration isolation measure used in rail transit, explosion, pile driving, impact and other common engineering situations. In addition, the vibration energy generated by ground motion is much higher than that of artificial vibration, and the propagation range and distance are more far-reaching. Therefore, the experimental research, theoretical research and finite element simulation research on the principle and effect of seismic isolation trench under the action of ground motion and artificial vibration are very important. In order to provide theoretical support for practical engineering, we have made a detailed arrangement of the seismic isolation technology at home and abroad in the past 30 years.