铝合金6061在低硫酸浓度硬质氧化过程中氧化膜微观组织的演变

Evolution of Microstructure of Hard Anodized Film on Aluminium Alloy 6061 in Low Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte

摘要: 采用自制的阳极氧化试验装置和扫描电子显微镜分别对铝合金6061在硫酸浓度为1%、2%、3%、4%和5%H₂SO₄ (W t.%) 的氧化液中形成的硬质阳极氧化膜进行研究。结果表明: 随着硫酸浓度的增大, 氧化膜的显微硬度和表面粗糙度降低, 氧化膜中的孔洞逐渐变大; 与硫酸浓度为1%和2%相比, 3%左右硫酸浓度的氧化液所得到的氧化膜的均匀程度较好, 以3%左右硫酸浓度的氧化液对铝合金6061进行硬质氧化较为理想。

Abstract: Hard anodic oxide film grew on aluminum alloy 6061 in unconventional sulfuric acid concentration electrolyte containing 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%H₂SO₄ (Wt.%) with special apparatus.The results indicate that the surface roughness values and microhardness values of the anodic oxide film obviously decrease with the increase in acid concentration, and the size of pores in the anodic oxide film becomes large.Compared with the anodic oxide film at sulfuric acid concentration electrolyte containing 1% H₂SO₄ and 2% H₂SO₄, the anodic oxide film obtained in 3% H₂SO₄ sulfuric acid concentration electrolyte has fairly better-distributed homogeneous degree.However 3% H₂SO₄ sulfuric acid concentration electrolyte is suitable for the hard anodic oxidation process of aluminum alloy 6061.