Chang Chih-tung and the Military Training Office in Late Qing Dynasty

The Military Training Office, a leading organ to administrate recruit training, promoted military reform in late Qing Dynasty and played an important role in army modernization. As a representative of the local governors, Chang Chih-tung had coordination and discord with the Military Training Office on training funds, regulations in military establishment and payment, logistics systems and school systems. Analysis of their complicated relationship offers a new perspective to thoroughly understand the late Qing military reform.