Abstract:
The entry of rural collective operating construction land into the market can effectively address the issue of urban land scarcity and the conflict between urban expansion and rural collective land ownership. It promotes the stable development of the real estate market from the supply side of land, which is of great significance for boosting rural revitalization, promoting urban-rural integration, and constructing a high-standard market economy system. The article explores the path of rural collective construction land entering the market with the goal of establishing a unified urban and rural construction land market. For rural areas near cities, encouragement is given to enter the market locally through methods such as land transfer or leasing. For rural areas far from cities, adjustment of surplus construction land indicators after reclamation is made to meet the planned industrial concentration areas for market entry. Furthermore, it clarifies the progressive distribution relationship between the three major distribution subjects and the two major distribution contents. In cases where the government is directly involved, revenue can be obtained through participation in initial distribution or redistribution. In cases of indirect involvement, revenue can be obtained through the collection of land adjustment fees, with a current reasonable collection rate being between 10% to 30%. After deducting the corresponding government revenue, collectives retain 30% to 40% for village economic development, infrastructure improvement, or dividend distribution, with the remaining portion being fairly distributed among individual farmers. Finally, the article proposes improving the property rights system design for collective construction land, formulating national implementation measures to guide market entry, establishing a fair and reasonable land value increment distribution system, and promoting coordinated efforts to reform the rural residential land system, among other related suggestions.