Abstract: Rural society capital is the key factor of rural orderly governance. Its structure and changes have positive and negative influence on rural governance. Since 1980s, rural society capital has changed greatly, interwoven with the dissimilation and inheritance. The government is now obliged to develop rural society capital for good governance. The measures proposed in the thesis are as follows: enhancing construction of democracy and rule of law, accelerating the reform of administrative system, realizing self-governance among villagers, developing modern specialized rural organizations and improving villagers' awareness of modern citizenship, etc.