Abstract: An experiment on 348 non-English major freshmen reveals, though still contributive to the building of English self-concept, pronunciation self-concept exerts only an indirect influence on the English proficiency; instead, it is pronunciation ability and English self-concept that are directly related with the English proficiency; besides, pronunciation ability is indirectly related to the English proficiency through the other two self-concepts above. Conclusioncan be drawn that an endeavor to improve students' pronunciation is required to in College English course