Abstract: The identification and authentication is a vital rule in American evidence law. All exhibits must be proven to be what they are claimed to be before admitted into evidence, which is called identification and authentication. It is a precondition to admissibility of exhibits that imposes the burden of proof on testifier. As a fundamental proof rule, it lays the foundation for litigation proof. Although several approaches of identification and authentication are prescribed in the Federal Rules of Evidence, procedures in judicial practice need categorizing.