Abstract: As a vulnerable group, factual orphans are more likely to have low psychological self-esteem than other children, which can make them face more difficulties in their growth, social integration, etc. and negatively affect their interpersonal skills, which is detrimental to their physical and mental healthy development. Taking a factual orphan in Ji'nan city as the service object, the casework service is carried out using the psycho-social treatment model to correct his interpersonal communication problems. Through the service, the interpersonal skills of factual orphans have been significantly improved. Practice has proved that casework is helpful to improve the interpersonal communication disorders of factual orphans. In order to better promote the development of factual orphans' interpersonal skills, it is necessary to enhance the resilience of factual orphans, improve the educational concept of guardians, strengthen quality-oriented education in schools, and establish a multi-party linkage assistance model.