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傅冠华. 王闿运与尊经书院的教育改革—基于《湘绮楼日记》的考察[J]. 西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2023,42(6):55 − 64. doi: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2023.06.006
引用本文: 傅冠华. 王闿运与尊经书院的教育改革—基于《湘绮楼日记》的考察[J]. 西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2023,42(6):55 − 64. doi: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2023.06.006
FU Guan-hua. Wang Kaiyun and His Educational Reforms in Zunjing AcademyAn Investigation Based on the Xiangqilou Diary[J]. Journal of Xihua University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) , 2023, 42(6): 55-64. DOI: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2023.06.006
Citation: FU Guan-hua. Wang Kaiyun and His Educational Reforms in Zunjing AcademyAn Investigation Based on the Xiangqilou Diary[J]. Journal of Xihua University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) , 2023, 42(6): 55-64. DOI: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2023.06.006

王闿运与尊经书院的教育改革基于《湘绮楼日记》的考察

Wang Kaiyun and His Educational Reforms in Zunjing AcademyAn Investigation Based on the Xiangqilou Diary

  • 摘要: 王闿运是晚清著名学者、教育家。他曾于1878年至1886年主持四川尊经书院,是四川教育史上最引人注目的人物之一,他在尊经书院的教育改革是其教育生涯的一个重要侧面。《湘绮楼日记》是研究王闿运思想、教育活动以及清末民初政治、人物、社会变迁的重要史料,因此,文章基于对《湘绮楼日记》的考察,分析王闿运与尊经书院的教育改革。王闿运受聘为尊经书院山长,是由四川总督丁宝桢一力促成。入院主教后,他采取了一系列治理措施,包括重视日常礼教、革除积弊陋习、恢复书院藏书功能等。他倡导实施实学教育,以传统“经世致用”思想为根脉,以经、史、词章等为教学内容。此外,王闿运非常注重书院的考课制度,亲自参与课卷的评定。在掌教尊经书院期间,王闿运在学术和生活上与院生建立了亲密的师生关系,为蜀地造就了一批杰出人才,促进了蜀地学风、士风的转变。其教育规式成为全川学府学习的典范,对晚清时期的四川教育产生了深远的影响。

     

    Abstract: Wang Kaiyun was a prominent scholar and educator of the late Qing Dynasty. Between 1878 and 1886, he presided over the Zunjing Academy in Sichuan, making him one of the most notable figures in Sichuan's educational history. His educational reforms at Zunjing Academy were a significant aspect of his educational career. The Xiangqilou Diary serves as an essential historical source for studying Wang Kaiyun's thoughts, educational activities, as well as the political, personal, and social changes of the late Qing and early Republican periods. Based on an examination of the Xiangqilou Diary, this article analyzes Wang Kaiyun's educational reforms at the Zunjing Academy. His appointment as the head of Zunjing Academy was strongly advocated by Ding Baozhen, the then governor of Sichuan. After taking up the position, Wang implemented a series of administrative measures, including emphasizing daily etiquette, eliminating longstanding malpractices, and restoring the academy's book collection function. He championed the implementation of practical education, rooted in the traditional philosophy of statecraft with content encompassing classics, history, and literary writings. Furthermore, Wang Kaiyun paid significant attention to the academy's examination system and personally participated in grading the exam papers. During his tenure at Zunjing Academy, Wang Kaiyun established close teacher-student relationships in both academic and personal spheres, cultivating a group of outstanding talents in Sichuan, and fostering a shift in the academic and gentlemanly ethos of the region. His educational paradigm became a model for institutions throughout Sichuan and exerted a profound impact on Sichuan's education during the late Qing period.

     

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