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何金洋. 刑事一体化视野下涉案企业合规行刑反向衔接机制的构建[J]. 西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2024,43(1):57 − 66. doi: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2024.01.006
引用本文: 何金洋. 刑事一体化视野下涉案企业合规行刑反向衔接机制的构建[J]. 西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2024,43(1):57 − 66. doi: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2024.01.006
HE Jin-yang. Construction of a Reverse Linkage Mechanism Between Administrative Procedure and Criminal Procedure for Corporate Compliance in the Context of Criminal Integration[J]. Journal of Xihua University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) , 2024, 43(1): 57-66. DOI: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2024.01.006
Citation: HE Jin-yang. Construction of a Reverse Linkage Mechanism Between Administrative Procedure and Criminal Procedure for Corporate Compliance in the Context of Criminal Integration[J]. Journal of Xihua University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) , 2024, 43(1): 57-66. DOI: 10.12189/j.issn.1672-8505.2024.01.006

刑事一体化视野下涉案企业合规行刑反向衔接机制的构建

Construction of a Reverse Linkage Mechanism Between Administrative Procedure and Criminal Procedure for Corporate Compliance in the Context of Criminal Integration

  • 摘要: 从最高人民检察院发布的企业合规典型案例来看,涉案企业合规行刑反向衔接的内涵主要涵盖三个方面:一是行政机关参与涉案企业合规考察的启动、监管和验收评估;二是行政机关采纳检察机关合规从宽处罚的检察意见;三是行政机关接续合规监管,推动行业合规发展。然而,并非所有的检察机关和行政机关都能像在合规典型案例中那样配合默契、衔接流畅,实践中行政机关在贯彻合规从宽和接力合规监管方面均面临困境。以检察机关为主导的企业合规改革在保障合规质效和实现合规激励方面均存在一定的局限性。对此,应当立足于理念、实体和程序三个维度构建涉案企业合规行刑反向衔接机制:在理念之维,打破“检察机关主导”的思维旧式,开辟行政、司法、企业等多元主体参与的新格局;在实体之维,重塑企业行政违法责任的归责模式,破解合规从宽处罚的法治困境;在程序之维,以建立第三方机制管委会为契机,实现由“结果认同主义”向“过程参与主义”的转向。

     

    Abstract: Based on the typical cases of corporate compliance published by the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the essence of reverse linkage between administrative procedure and criminal procedure for corporate compliance mainly encompasses three aspects: First, the involvement of administrative authorities in initiating, supervising, and evaluating the compliance inspection of the involved enterprises; Second, administrative authorities' adoption of prosecutorial opinions on lenient punishment for compliance from the procuratorial organs; Third, administrative authorities' continuous compliance supervision to promote industry-wide compliance development. However, not all procuratorial and administrative organs can cooperate as smoothly and seamlessly as in typical compliance cases. In practice, administrative organs face challenges in implementing lenient compliance and continuing compliance supervision. The procuratorial-led corporate compliance reform has certain limitations in ensuring compliance quality and effectiveness and in achieving compliance incentives. Therefore, a reverse linkage mechanism between administrative procedure and criminal procedure for corporate compliance should be constructed from the dimensions of concept, substance, and procedure. Conceptually, the traditional thinking of "procuratorial dominance" should be broken, and a new pattern of participation involving multiple entities such as administrative, judicial, and corporate bodies should be established. Substantively, the attribution model of corporate administrative liability should be reshaped to solve the legal dilemmas of lenient punishment for compliance. Procedurally, the establishment of a third-party mechanism committee should be leveraged to shift from "result recognition" to "process participation".

     

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