Abstract: Recognizing the vital role of public participation in emergency response management and the increasing significance of emergency supply chain coordination, this article develops a tripartite game evolution model involving the government, manufacturers, and retailers. It aims to analyze feasible evolutionary strategies among these entities and validate the findings through simulation. The results indicate that government oversight and incentive mechanisms alone are insufficient for enhancing emergency supply chain collaboration. Public participation emerges as an effective force in fostering collaboration, compensating for government shortcomings in the face of sudden events and emergency response urgency. This participation effectively monitors and encourages both parties in the supply chain to actively engage in emergency collaboration, leading to an ideal evolutionary stable equilibrium.