Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the cross-sectional data of China's comprehensive social survey in 2013 to explore the relationship between the socioeconomic status of women of childbearing age, the subjective mobility perception and their second child's fertility.There are significant differences in the childbearing willingness of the second childbearing women of childbearing age with different socioeconomic status. The higher the level of education, the lower the second child's willingness of childbirth; the higher the personal income, the lower the second child's childbearing potential; the greater the number of real estate, the stronger the will to have the second child.There is a significant difference in the fertility wishes of women of childbearing age who have different perceptions of subjective mobility, and the higher the degree of upward mobility in the past decade, the stronger the will to bear the childbearing; the higher the level of social mobility is expected in the next decade, the stronger the second child's fertility will be.