Abstract: The social structure of integrating family and state in ancient China makes "Qijia" thought having important significance. Traditional family instruction is the carrier of "Qijia" thoughts, which has rich connotation and once played an important role in cultural inheritance and personality development. In the ancient family training, the concept of "love family, love country", the central statement of "righteousness above profit", the important content of "moral education", the method system of "teaching by precept and example", "strictness with kindness", "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", and "preventive education", still have reference on today's moral education. Although there are some feudal brands and dross in the ancient family instruction, it has important enlightenment for today's moral education to transform the traditional family precepts into modern ones, take their essence, remove their dross and reconstruct their educational system.