Abstract: This paper reviews the process of the formation and development of sociology in Sichuan, especially the restoration and reconstruction of sociology since the reform and opening up 40 years ago. It discusses the three periods: restoration and development period (1978—1990), rapid progress period (1991—2000) and comprehensive development period (since 2001), and two aspects: the discipline construction and academic achievements. According to the research, the sociology of Sichuan has always been based on west China, kept on international dialogue and strived for the leading area. It describes and analyzes what has been done by Sichuan sociology: studying the basic theories and laws of social operation and development in southwest China, responding to social problems and population problems in different times, exploring the theories, methods and paths of social work practice in west China, and recording the daily life mechanism and folk customs of multi-ethnic and multi-cultural groups in west China.