Abstract: In science & technology translation teaching, students' self-learning ability and ability to learn from each other is an important indicator of the translation ability level of students. The traditional teaching mode taking teacher as the center and the only judge cannot meet the needs of current teaching, and science & technology translation teaching requires a new teaching method to meet the requirements of development. This paper attempts to break the barrier of traditional teacher-centered mode by analyzing the effectiveness of peer review in science & technology translation teaching and actively introducing such student-centered evaluation mode, with a light to update the teaching concept of science & technology translation and supplement the existing evaluation method and to cultivate students' interests, good habits as well as self-learning, self-evaluation and self-reflection in science & technology translation teaching.