从“过错”视角修正一般侵权责任的构成要件

Amendment of Constitutive Requirements for the General Tort Based on "Offense"

摘要: 一般侵权责任构成要件之间存在着重复评价的现象。而以责任归责基础“过错”为核心，认真界定侵权责任一般构成要件的性质，理清各个构成要件之间的关系，对于完善我国侵权责任构成论有着重要意义。文章在坚持“过错”吸收“不法性”的同时，指出“损害”的“侵害明示的权益”性质也可被“过错”所吸收；通过界定“相当因果关系”与“过错”之间的关系，最终得出“过错”亦可吸收“相当因果关系”的结论，并在此基础上，论证了“规范目的说”在解释行为与损害之间因果关系方面的巨大优势。

Abstract: Repetitive assessment exists among the constitutive requirements for the general tort. To define the property of constitutive requirements and clarify the relationship among them with the"offense"at its core is key for the the spirit of constitutive requirements for the general tort. "Offense", based on the analysis of this essay, accommodates, to a certain degree, the other three constitutive requirements, namely, "illegality", "infringement of explicit rights "in "damage" and "adequate causality"in "cause-and-effect relationship", which greatly strengthens the competitive edge of "normative purpose theory" in explaining the causality between act and damage.