Abstract: Based on Logit model and the survey data of 635 rural households in Anhui Province, the influencing factors of farmer and concurrent industry were analyzed. The results show that gender, age and educational level have a significant impact on the peasant households. Men have higher willingness to do business than women. The older age will reduce the possibility of concurrent work. The high level of education will promote the peasants and concurrently. The number of family members, per capita arable land and social political status has a significant impact on the peasant households. The more the number of family members, the greater the possibility of concurrent industry. The larger the per capita arable land or the peasants is the party member or village cadres, the lower the enthusiasm of concurrently. Farmers who are involved in agricultural training or land inflow are less likely to be concurrently active, but the peasants who had incurred the borrowing of funds had a higher enthusiasm. Based on this, this article makes recommendations: attach importance to rural basic education; improve the land transfer system; improve the agricultural training system; enhance farmers' awareness of entrepreneurship.