《红楼梦》词语拾零
Notes on Some Words in A Dream of Red Mansions
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摘要: “足的”, 《红楼梦辞典》释为“一直的”, 但从《红楼梦》本身及相关文献和方言用例来看, 其确切意义当为“非得……不可”; “拾头打滚”中的“拾”, 《红楼梦辞典》释为“往地上碰”, 据对相关文献和方言的考证, 其确切意义当为“用头钻, 用头撞”; “尽着”, 《红楼梦辞典》释为“总是”, 但其在《红楼梦》中还可释为“本来已经……偏又……”; “咱们”、“我们”在《红楼梦》中存在特殊用法, 即分别用为“排除式”和“包括式”; “别要”是“不要”连说混音形成“别”之后, 在剩余因素尤其是原式的影响下“要”音复原的新旧嫁接形式。Abstract: Zude(足的)in the Dictionary of A Dream of Red Mansions is defined as "Yizhide(一直的)", but entries in A Dream of Red Mansions, related documents and dialects disclose that its exact meaning is "Feide(非得)……Buke(不可)".Shi(拾) in Shitou Dagun(拾头打滚)is defined as "Wangdishangpeng(往地上碰)", but the exact meaning is "Yongtouzuan(用头钻), Yongtouzhuang(用头撞)" according to the textual research of related literature and dialects.Jinzhe(尽着) is defined as "Zongshi(总是)", but they mean "BenlaiYijing(本来已经)……Pianyou(偏又)……" in the A Dream of Red Mansions.Zanmen(咱们) and Women(我们) have special usages in the A Dream of Red Mansions, implying respectively "exclusive" or "inclusive".Bieyao(别要) is partly the sound mixings of Bu(不) and Yao(要) and partly the evolution of Yao(要).
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