从慷慨悲戚、忠孝两全到渴望超越——元少数民族遗民士人心态转变探究

From Dolefulness, Loyalty and Filial Piety to the Self-transcendence—The Research on the Mentality Changes of Yuan Dynasty Ethnic Minorities Adherents

摘要: 元少数民族遗民士人作为元遗民的重要组成部分，其创作在遗民文学史上占有重要地位。易代前后，他们的心态发生了很大变化。概言之，其心态主要经历了由慷慨悲戚到忠孝两全的变化历程。入明后，他们的遗民心态中还呈现出无根迷茫与渴望超越等方面。元少数民族遗民士人心态的这种转变，集中体现在王翰、伯颜子中与丁鹤年等人身上。这种转变的发生，与元朝的政权性质以及民族文化的碰撞与融合密切相关。

Abstract: As an important part of Yuan Dynasty adherents, the creation of ethnic minorities members also occupy an important position in Adherents' literature. Whiles the replacements of dynasties, their mentality have taken great changes. In general, their mentality experience from dolefulness to loyalty and filial piety. In the Ming Dynasty, their mentalities also express confusedness and self-transcendence. The representation of these changes is Wang Han, Bo Yan Zizhong and Ding Henian. The reason of the changes closely related the nature of Yuan Dynasty the collision and integration of different civilization.